Vedic Astrology refers to Hindu Astrology. Anyone knowing Vedic Astrology is also a knower of Hindu Astrology. In India, most astrologers practise Hindu Astrology or Vedic Astrology. However, now-a-days, many astrologers are now using references of Western Astrology. There are few others, who refer to Chinese Astrology. In any case, the main reference is Hindu or Vedic Astrology in India.

In this astrology, there are 7 main planets – Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn.
The two other shadow planets are named as Rahu and Ketu.

Since they are shadow planets, they do not possess any house. There are 12 signs namely Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, Pisces.

Sun is the house lord of Leo and Moon is the house lord of Cancer.

All other planets have the lordship of two houses each. Mars is the house lord of Aries and Scorpio. Mercury is the house lord of Gemini and Virgo. Jupiter is the house lord of Pisces and Sagittarius. Venus is the house lord of Taurus and Libra. Saturn is the house lord of Capricorn and Aquarius.
There are 27 stars namely Ashivini, Bharani, Krittika, Rohini, Mrigashira, Ardra, Punarvasu, Pushya, Ashlesha, Magha, Purvafalguni, Uttarafalguni, Hasta, Chittra, Swati, Vishakha, Anuradha, Jyestha, Moola, Poorvashadha, Uttarashadha, Shravana, Dhanishtha, Shatabhisha, Poorvabhadrapada, Uttarabhadrapada, Revati. Each star has got 4 padas (i.e. each star has four parts). So for 27 stars, the total number of padas is 108. It means that for 12 signs, these 108 parts are distributed evenly. So if you divide 108 by 12, you get 9. It means each sign has 3 stars. In all; each cusp (one sigh) should have 9 parts.

The powers of the planets are seen by some parameters:

• A. Brilliancy of the planet: If the planet is most brilliant, then it is known to have been exalted. The other situation with minimum brilliancy is termed for the planet as debilitated.
• B. Ownership of the cusp: If a planet is in his house or in moola trikona, then it is treated to be powerful, but less powerful than the previous state.

Sun and then moon are the most powerful planets in the constellation.  You can see the sky during midday, and mark that no other planets are seen when sun is very bright. Same case also stands for moon during the night. Moon looks very bright in a full moon night and all other stars and planets in the sky look deem.

The horoscope is strong if the planets and its combinations are strong. Beneficial planets bestow good results to the native and malefic planets bestow weak results to the native.

This is explained in a gist about the initial concepts of Hindu Astrology. Once you read this science thoroughly, then you can understand Hindu Astrology well.